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Registros recuperados: 14
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Economic Returns to Public Agricultural Research AgEcon
Fuglie, Keith O.; Heisey, Paul W..
Over the last several decades, the U.S. agricultural sector has sustained impressive productivity growth. The Nation's agricultural research system, including Federal-State public research as well as private-sector research, has been a key driver of this growth. Economic analysis finds strong and consistent evidence that investment in agricultural research has yielded high returns per dollar spent. These returns include benefits not only to the farm sector but also to the food industry and consumers in the form of more abundant commodities at lower prices.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Productivity; Productivity growth; Technology; Total factor productivity; TFP; Research investments; Food; Input; Output; Crop yield; Agricultural research; Agricultural output; Public spending; Private sector research; ERS; USDA; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6388
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Effect of infrastructure investments on total factor productivity (TFP) in Brazilian agriculture AgEcon
Mendes, Sergio Magno; Teixeira, Erly Cardoso; Salvato, Marcio Antonio.
Since the 1980s, the investments in infrastructure have been significantly reduced, jeopardizing Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and competitiveness of Brazilian agriculture. The Solow growth model with panel data is used to estimate TFP. An adaptation of the Zhang and Fan (2004) model for India, using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), is applied to study the effects of infrastructure investments on TFP. The lack of such investments in Brazil caused the effects to be larger and with lag periods smaller than in other countries. These investments affect TFP in the first years, and the study suggests that the return occurs in the period from zero to two years. Among the analyzed infrastructure elements, investments in roads have the greatest impact on...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Infrastructure investments; TFP; Agriculture; Panel data; GMM; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50777
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Effect of infrastructure investments on total factor productivity (TFP) in Brazilian agriculture AgEcon
Mendes, Sergio Magno; Teixeira, Erly Cardoso; Salvato, Marcio Antonio.
Since the 1980s, the investments in infrastructure have been significantly reduced, jeopardizing Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and competitiveness of Brazilian agriculture. The Solow growth model with panel data is used to estimate TFP. An adaptation of the Zhang and Fan (2004) model for India, using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), is applied to study the effects of infrastructure investments on TFP. The lack of such investments in Brazil caused the effects to be larger and with lag periods smaller than in other countries. These investments affect TFP in the first years, and the study suggests that the return occurs in the period from zero to two years. Among the analyzed infrastructure elements, investments in roads have the greatest impact on...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Infrastructure investments; TFP; Agriculture; Panel data; GMM; Agricultural and Food Policy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53441
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Efficiency and total factor productivity in post-EU accession Hungarian sugar beet production AgEcon
Fogarasi, Jozsef.
This paper analyses efficiency and total factor productivity (TFP) in Hungarian sugar beet production applying non-parametric frontier techniques. For 2004 and 2005 efficiency and TFP are calculated by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and by a Malmquist index respectively. Between 2004 and 2005 the average technical efficiency was very stable, around 0.80 for CRS efficiency and 0.87 for VRS efficiency, suggesting that in both years farms were similarly clustered towards the frontier. The analysis of returns to scale reveals that during both years half (48%) of the sugar beet growers were operating under increasing returns to scale. In the two analysed years changes occurred between decreasing returns to scale and scale efficient farms, when the first...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Efficiency; TFP; Data Envelopment Analysis; Sugar beet production; FADN.; Crop Production/Industries; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107653
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Impact of Research Investment on Technology Development and Total Factor Productivity in Major Field Crops of Peninsular India AgEcon
Ananth, G.S.; Chengappa, P.G.; Janaiah, Aldas.
Increase in agricultural productivity is induced by public investment in research. Several studies have analyzed the impact of research investment at the national level but such analyses at the state or regional level are a few. The present study is an attempt to analyze the pattern and quantify the returns to research investment made over a period of 25 years on major field crops such as rice, jowar, finger millet (ragi), red gram, groundnut, sunflower, cotton and sugarcane in a predominantly agrarian state of Karnataka in peninsular India. The impact of research investment was assessed in terms of technology developed and growth in total factor productivity. The agricultural research investment had profound effect on the development of technologies...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Research investment; TFP; Technology development; India; Field crops; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O3.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25740
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Input, Output Technical Efficiencies and Total Factor Productivity of Cereal Production in Tunisia AgEcon
Dhehibi, Boubaker; Bahri, Haithem; Annabi, Mohamed.
In this paper, farm level technical efficiency of production and its determinants are investigated in a sample of 51 cereal producing farms located in the main cereal production region in Tunisia using a stochastic frontier production model. Empirical findings show that labor input factor appears with a minimal effect on the production. The hypothesis of constant returns to scale is rejected at the 5% level of significance, and returns to scale were found to be decreasing. Moreover, the estimated coefficients in the technical inefficiency model are also as expected. The estimated coefficients of the instruction level of farmer and the rotation, technical variable, are negatives and statistically significant at 5% level, which indicates their positive...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; Timmer index; Kopp index; TFP; Cereal farms; Tunisia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C43; O47; Q12.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122866
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Investigating the Sources of Agricultural Growth in Africa: Factor Accumulation, Total Factor Productivity, and Technology Absorption AgEcon
Nkamleu, Guy Blaise.
This paper investigates sources and determinants of agricultural growth in Africa, concentrating on the growth path during the last three decades. The analysis employs the broader framework provided by empirical growth literature and recent developments in Total Factor Productivity (TFP) measurement to search for fundamental determinants of growth in African agriculture. One main contribution and new findings in this analysis is the quantification of the contribution of the productivity growth and the contribution of different inputs such as land, labor, tractor and fertilizer in the agricultural growth. Growth accounting computation highlights the fact that factor accumulation rather than TFP accounts for a large share of agricultural output growth and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Growth accounting; TFP; Factor accumulation; Capital absorption; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; N50; O47; D24.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52108
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Measuring Public Agricultural Research Capital and Its Contribution to State Agricultural Productivity AgEcon
Huffman, Wallace E..
A methodology for measuring public agricultural research capital is developed and described for the first time, new public agricultural research capital measures for each of the 48 contiguous US states, 1970-1999, are presented, and a new econometric analysis of the contribution of public agricultural research capital to state agricultural productivity is reported. Public agricultural research capital across the states is shown to have five different growth patterns, only one of which is at a constant rate. New TFP results show that public agricultural research capital contributes significantly to agricultural productivity and is larger than previous estimates. Intrastate and spillin public agricultural research capital are shown to be complementary, but...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Research capital; Agriculture; States; Measurement; Productivity decomposition; TFP; Agribusiness; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O3; O4; Q16; Q10.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55845
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Price Support, Efficiency and Technology Change of Ukrainian dairy farms: Spatial dependence in the components of productivity growth AgEcon
Nivievskyi, Oleg.
Even after more than 15 years of transition from plan to market, agriculture in Ukraine still faces many challenges in terms of its structure. In particular, both the recently approved WTO accession, and the ongoing negotiations on a free trade agreement with the EU will require improvements in productivity and competitiveness at the farm level. The evidence in the literature based on either data envelopment (DEA) or stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) in Ukraine points to significant heterogeneity of technical efficiency and TFP scores. However, the drivers underlying these patterns have not been explicitly studied yet. Using farm-level data for 2004-2005, this paper investigates the determinants of productivity growth in Ukrainian dairy farming. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Ukraine; Dairy farming; TFP; Spatial dependence; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51403
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Production Performance Indicators with Externalities: Environmentally-Adjusted Productivity and Efficiency Indicators of a Sample of Semi-Intensive Shrimp Farms in Mexico AgEcon
Martinez-Cordero, Francisco Javier; Leung, PingSun.
Sustainability in operations is a key consideration when discussing aquaculture’s current and future role in providing food and increasing coastal and rural employment and incomes, among other social benefits. An important problem from the economics point of view is how the economics point of view is how the externalities generated by aquaculture and those that the industry suffers are internalized. This paper extends the analysis reported in Martinez-Cordero and leung (2004) for a group of semi-intensive shrimp farms in Mexico. Modifications to the traditional Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and Technical Efficiency (TE) indicators are carried out in order to incorporate in the evaluation the environmental effects of aquacultural activities. In a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Externalities; Production performance; Shrimp farming; TFP; Efficiency; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56006
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Productivity and Economic Growth in Tunisian Agriculture: An Empirical Evidence AgEcon
Dhehibi, Boubaker; Lachaal, Lassaad.
This paper analyse the patterns of productivity and economic growth in the Tunisian agriculture during the 1961–2000. Results indicated that agriculture output growth where high in both the 1961–1970 and the 1971–1980 periods but decreased during the 1991–2000 period. Average output growth exceeded 6% during the 1981–1990 period, the average output growth during 1991–2000 had fallen to 4%. Over the whole period, capital was the most important contributor to output growth and labour is considered as the least significant contributor to economic growth. Total factor productivity contribution to output growth decreased from 4.64% in 1961–1970 to 2.86% in 1971–1980. In contrast, this contribution increased in 1981-1990 to close the 4.38%. In the last period,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Production function; Translog; Agriculture; TFP; Tunisia; International Development; Productivity Analysis; C8; O13; O14.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25707
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Productivity Growth in U.S. Agriculture AgEcon
Fuglie, Keith O.; MacDonald, James C.; Ball, V. Eldon.
Innovation and changes in technology have been a driving force for gains in productivity growth in U.S. agriculture. USDA's Economic Research Service has developed annual indexes of agricultural inputs, outputs, and total factor productivity (TFP) for 1948 through 2004. American agriculture relies almost entirely on productivity growth to raise output. By lowering the cost of agricultural commodities, productivity growth benefits not only farmers but also food manufacturers and consumers.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Productivity; Productivity growth; Total factor productivity; TFP; Labor; Farm economy; Prices; Agricultural research; Agricultural output; Technology; ERS; USDA; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6382
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Technology and Productivity: A Summary of the Relationship and a Review of Relevant Research AgEcon
Emter, Nicholas A..
This information bulletin is presented in two sections, which follow a summary of the key findings. The first section addresses the important contribution of productivity to economic growth and explores the relationship between adopting advanced technology and improving productivity. Drawing from the findings of productivity research, the section begins by defining productivity and explains why labour factor productivity is the best measure of, and the key to, productivity enhancement. It then explains how increasing productivity leads to economic growth and a higher standard of living. The section concludes by examining the relationship between adopting advanced technologies and productivity enhancement as shown through a review of relevant research...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Productivity; Technology; Standard of Living; TFP; Labour productivity; Economic growth; Prosperity; Adoption; Labor and Human Capital; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60397
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The impact of trade liberalisation on South African agricultural productivity AgEcon
Teweldemedhin, M.Y.; van Schalkwyk, Herman D..
This study attempts to examine the empirical relationship between trade and total factor productivity (TFP) in the agricultural sector using both cross -sectiona, (across nine agricultural commodities), and time -series analysis. The Error Correction Model of ordinary least square (OLS) results from the cross -sectional analysis confirm that export shares and capital formation were found to be positive and significant; whereas, import shares and real exchange rate were found to be related negatively. However, the net effect of export and import shares had a positive effect. This implies that trade liberalisation causes productivity gains. Moreover, the time -series analysis goes in the same direction as the cross -sectional results, showing that there is a...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: TFP; OLS; Trade liberalization or degree of openness; Capital formation; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95963
Registros recuperados: 14
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